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Tetanus
Tetanus is a bacterial disease that affects the nervous system. The good news is that immunization against tetanus is available. Nevertheless, it is a global health problem which occurs almost exclusively in people who are un-immunized or inadequately immunized. In developing countries, most reported cases occur in infants and young children.
Tetanus is contracted through a cut or wound that becomes contaminated with tetanus bacteria. The bacteria are present all over the world and are commonly found in soil, dust, and manure. When the bacteria enter the body, they can multiply and produce a toxin that affects the nerves that control muscle activity. You cannot get the bacteria through person-to-person contact.
Approximately 11% of reported cases of tetanus are fatal. In the US, where 50 or fewer cases of tetanus occur each year, deaths are more likely to occur in persons 60 years of age and older.
Symptoms:
Some common signs that one is infected with tetanus bacteria are:
- Lockjaw – a stiffness of the jaw which makes it hard to open the mouth and swallow
- Stiffness of abdominal and back muscles
- Facial muscle spasms
- Fast pulse
- Slight fever
- Severe sweating
- Headache
Symptoms usually begin 8 days after the infection, but may range from 3 days to 3 weeks.
Treatment and Prevention:
Tetanus can be prevented through a safe and effective vaccine. A combination
shot called the TD vaccine protects against both tetanus and diphtheria.
A TD booster shot is recommended every 10 years.
The types of diseases vary with each destination. After browsing through this site you may also call or email Travel Health Help for more detailed information: 1-888-621-3952
